Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2016 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Cassia fistula, a flowering plant in the family of Caesalpinaceae (Fabaceae),\nis used in traditional medicine for several indications. Nevertheless, too little is known about\nits effects on skin conditions and skin aging. Therefore, in this pioneering study, the extracts\nof oil-in-water macro-emulsions containing 5% C. fistula (L.) crude pods (i.e., phyto-active\nformulation) were optimally developed and compared to the placebo (i.e., emulsions without\nthe crude extract) for assessment of their effects on human skin aging. Healthy adult male\nvolunteers (n = 13) with a mean age of 31 Ã?± 5.5 years (range: 24ââ?¬â??47 years) were enrolled\nafter informed written consent. For 12 consecutive weeks, the subjects were directed to use a\npatch containing the active emulsion on one of their forearms as well as a patch containing\nthe placebo on their other forearm. Biometrological measurements of skin hydration (SH)\nand transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were performed on both sides of their respective\ncheeks at time 0 (baseline values), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12th weeks. Surface evaluation of living\nskin (SELS) was taken at time 0 (baseline values) or after 1, 2 and 3 months. Topical\napplication of C. fistula extracts showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in stratum corneum\nhydration level, a significant enhancement in its water-holding function as well as in its barrier\nfunction. Further, significant (p < 0.005) ameliorations of skin aspects were observed (i.e., less\nroughness, less dryness, less wrinkles). Taken together, our results strongly suggest therapeutic\nand esthetic potential of C. fistula podââ?¬â?¢s extracts to prevent or delay human skin aging....
Hair fall (Alopecia), dandruff and whitening of hairs are most common problems associated with all the individuals irrespective with age. However people are ignoring this problem but we believe that this could be a serious problem and it should be taken care thoroughly. A shampoo is a preparation containing surfactant to remove surface grease, dirt and skin debris from the hair shaft and scalp without adversely affecting the user. Day by day dependency of people is rising on herbal or ayurvedic formulation not only for chronic ailments but also for number of acute problems. The assurance of therapy with minimal side effects has been proven that ayurvedic formulation is to be promising for cosmetic use too. Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is often used in ayurvedic medicines and it stimulates hair follicles causing growth. Aloe vera’s (Aloe barbadensis) anti-fungal properties help in controlling dandruff and relieves scalp itching. This study was designed to formulate herbal shampoo in search of a safe and effective cosmetic product. The formulated shampoos were subjected to evaluation parameters like visual inspection, pH, viscosity, percentage of solids contents, dirt dispersion, surface tension, foaming ability and foam stability, anti-fungal activity test. Hence it was subjected to safety studies on animals, such as eye irritation test and skin sensitivity test. Stability studies for a period of three months were conducted for formulation and showed negligible changes in their physicochemical properties....
Understanding the interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with skin is important from a\nconsumer and occupational health and safety perspective, as well as for the design of effective\nNP-based transdermal therapeutics. Despite intense efforts to elucidate the conditions that permit\nNP penetration, there remains a lack of translatable results from animal models to human skin.\nThe objectives of this study are to investigate the impact of common skin lotions on NP penetration\nand to quantify penetration differences of quantum dot (QD) NPs between freshly excised human\nand mouse skin. QDs were mixed in seven different vehicles, including five commercial skin lotions.\nThese were topically applied to skin using two exposure methods; a petri dish protocol and a Franz\ndiffusion cell protocol. QD presence in the skin was quantified using Confocal Laser Scanning\nMicroscopy. Results show that the commercial vehicles can significantly impact QD penetration\nin both mouse and human skin. Lotions that contain alpha hydroxyl acids (AHA) facilitated NP\npenetration. Lower QD signal was observed in skin studied using a Franz cell. Freshly excised human\nskin was also studied immediately after the sub-cutaneous fat removal process, then after 24 h rest\nex vivo. Resting human skin 24 h prior to QD exposure significantly reduced epidermal presence.\nThis study exemplifies how application vehicles, skin processing and the exposure protocol can affect\nQD penetration results and the conclusions that maybe drawn between skin models....
Cubosomes are discrete, sub-micron, nano-structured particles of bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline phase. Cubosomes consist of honeycombed (cavernous) structures separating two internal aqueous channels and a large interfacial area. They are the biocompatible novel approach for the drug delivery system. The controlled release application of these nanoparticles is of a great significance in cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical fields. The present study is concerned with the design and evaluation of a novel nano-particulate system; cubosomes, loaded with miconazole nitrate (MN); which is used as antifungal agent. Cubosome dispersions were formulated by emulsification technique using different concentrations of a lipid phase monoolein and the nonionic surfactant, Poloxamer 407. The prepared cubosomal dispersions were characterized regarding dimensional distribution, particle size, and in vitro drug release. The optimum formulae were incorporated in a CMC or HPMC based hydrogels, to form cubosomal hydrogels (cubogels). The cubogels were characterized regarding in vitro release of (MN), viscosity and pH. A comparison between the cubogels and a commercially available product, Miconaz�® cream, was carried out to\njudge their efficacy. The drug release from the commercial preparation was lower than all the\nprepared nano-emulsion based gel formulations. G1 and G8 showed highest drug release percent\n(100%) after 8 hours, in contrast the marketed formulation released (44.8%) of the drug after 8 hrs.\nThe in vitro Miconazole nitrate release data were fitted to Korsmeyerpeppa's release model. The\nformulation exhibited non-fickian transport with zero order kinetics. Formulae G1, G8 and G10, that\nshowed both small droplet size and highest extent of drug release, were microbiologically evaluated\nagainst Candida albicans (C. albicans) using agar cup diffusion method. The selected formulae\nshowed superior antimycotic activity compared to the commercially available formulation....
Skin is protected from the harmful effects of free radicals by the presence of an\nendogenous antioxidant system. However, when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation,\nthere is an imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress and\nphotoaging of the skin. It has been described that free radicals and other reactive species\ncan cause severe damage to cells and cell components of the skin, which results in skin\naging and cancer. To prevent these actions on skin, the use of topical antioxidant\nsupplementation is a strategy used in the cosmetics industry and these antioxidants act on\nquenching free radicals. There are many studies that demonstrated the antioxidant activity\nof many phytochemicals or bioactive compounds by free radical scavenging. However,\nmany bioactive substances are unstable when exposed to light or lose activity during\nstorage. The potential sensitivity of these substances to light exposure is of importance in\ncosmetic formulations applied to skin because photo-degradation might occur, reducing\ntheir activity. One strategy to reduce this effect on the skin is the preparation of different\ntypes of nanomaterials that allow the encapsulation of the antioxidant substances. Another\nproblem related to some antioxidants is their inefficient percutaneous penetration, which\nlimits the amount of the active ingredient able to reach the site of action in viable\nepidermis and dermis. In this sense, the encapsulation in polymeric nanoparticles could\nenhance the permeation of these substances. Nanocarriers offers several advantages over\nconventional passive delivery, such as increased surface area, higher solubility, improved\nstability, controlled release, reduced skin irritancy, and protection from degradation. The\ndifferent nanocarrier systems used in cosmetics include nanolipid delivery systems such as\nsolid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), nanoemulsions (NEs), nanoparticles (NP) suspension, and polymer NPs, among others. In this review, we\npresent the different types of nanomaterials used in cosmetic formulations to obtain the\nbest effect of antioxidants applied onto the skin....
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